Unit10 p.187-188虚拟语气种类概述 - 常春藤赖世雄英语

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[00:00.03]接下来我们看第十章虚拟语气第一节虚拟语气的种类啊
[00:06.57]虚拟语气呢
[00:07.83]它是表示假设状态的巨型
[00:10.32]由if 引导的状语从句与主句构成
[00:14.97]通常呢
[00:15.54]分成下列五种基本的句型哦
[00:17.58]第一种
[00:18.3]纯条件的虚拟语气啊
[00:21.33]纯条件的
[00:22.11]第二种呢
[00:23.16]与现在事实相反的虚拟语气
[00:26.37]第三种
[00:27.06]与过去事实相反的虚拟语气
[00:29.73]通常这这三种前三种是蛮常见的
[00:33.3]第四个与将来状况相反的虚拟语气
[00:37.32]以及第五种与真理相反的虚拟语气
[00:40.83]后面两种是比较少见的好
[00:43.29]所以呢
[00:43.68]我们这个重心放在前三个啊
[00:46.23]所以第一个我们看到纯条件的虚拟语气
[00:49.74]If 从句呢
[00:50.82]用一般现在时
[00:52.86]主句的助动词也使用现在时
[00:55.74]如can will may
[00:57.78]好
[00:57.99]我们看到这里的
[00:59.07]如果他在这儿
[01:00.26]我就会去看他
[01:01.52]所以呢
[01:02.09]我们看到这个就是一个纯条件的虚拟语气
[01:05.39]If he is here I will see him he may or may not be here now OK
[01:11.72]好
[01:11.99]所以呢
[01:12.56]这个是一个条件句
[01:13.91]如果他在这儿的话
[01:15.59]If he is here 好
[01:17.69]所以主句啊
[01:18.68]这个if 引导的这个从句呢
[01:21.14]使用现在时
[01:22.37]一般现在时
[01:23.9]好
[01:24.17]主句使用将来时
[01:25.82]I will see him I will see him OK
[01:29.99]这样第二点与现在事实相反的虚拟语气咯
[01:34.16]我们看到第二点与现在事实相反的虚拟语气
[01:38.39]好if 从句呢
[01:40.1]用一般过去时
[01:41.69]主句的助动词也使用过去时啊
[01:45.229996]如code work 或might
[01:48.130005]好
[01:48.369995]譬如我们看他现在若是在这里
[01:51.07]我就会去看他好
[01:52.990005]但是他现在不在这
[01:54.4]所以是与现在事实相反
[01:56.65]使用过去时
[01:58.509995]If he were here I would see him if he were here
[02:03.7]那你会说老师为什么要用was 呢
[02:07.24]他这里却用were
[02:08.74]没错
[02:09.28]在虚拟语气当中呢
[02:11.05]啊
[02:11.62]他就是唏嘘啊
[02:13.81]甚至AI 都用were p UK 写在旁边
[02:17.35]If I were you I would tell Du truth
[02:22.03]If I were you Du d and I would tell
[02:26.77]这是我们初中的时候常备的一个句子
[02:29.26]就是如果我是你我就会说实话
[02:32.68]你看你背个句子毫不费力
[02:35.02]但是却让你可以了解这个语法概念
[02:37.39]何乐而不为呢
[02:38.77]所以记得记语法不是要寄一堆术语啊
[02:42.16]你是要了解这个句子要怎么造啊
[02:45.28]If I were you
[02:46.84]我是不是你呢
[02:48.07]不是所以呢
[02:49.63]这是与现在事实相反的假设语气
[02:52.9]If I were you 好
[02:54.94]因为是假设语气
[02:56.08]所以呢要用were I would
[02:59.11]有没有看到I would tell the truth
[03:02.38]我会说实话好
[03:04.3]不过呢
[03:04.87]现在只要你要讲一点
[03:06.49]在当今的美国呢
[03:08.14]他们呢
[03:08.65]已经针对这个雾儿啊
[03:10.72]有做了一些调整
[03:12.1]也就是呢
[03:12.85]他们有些人也可以啊
[03:15.1]他们也同意说啊
[03:16.99]用was 也可以了啊
[03:19.36]所以你会看到有一些对话书或者是什么的
[03:22.12]他会用啊
[03:23.29001]If I were was u 或者是if he was here
[03:27.7]这样子啊
[03:28.54001]对他们来说
[03:29.44]在这里便were 就没有那么重要了
[03:32.26]所以他们也会用was
[03:33.73]这是可以接受的好
[03:35.59]不过传统的你譬如说是这个写作啦
[03:38.35]或者是考试啊
[03:39.76]你写were 会比较保险一点
[03:41.8]我们看第三点
[03:43.0]与过去事实相反的虚拟语气
[03:45.49]if 从句使用过去完成时
[03:47.62]主句则应使用what have should have 加could have 或者是might have 在接过去分词
[03:55.6]我们再说一次与过去事实相反的虚拟语气
[03:59.95]If 从句使用过去完成时啊
[04:02.83]主句呢
[04:03.61]则采用这个主语后面再加what have should have 加could have 或者是might
[04:09.94]这几个在接过去分词OK
[04:13.9]好比如我们造一个句啊
[04:15.19]栗子
[04:16.22]如果他当时在这儿
[04:17.69]我就会去看她啊
[04:19.91]表示他当时不在这儿
[04:21.53]与过去事实相反
[04:23.78]If he had been here I would have seen him
[04:27.92]If he had been here I would have seen him I would 有没有加过去分词好
[04:35.3]所以呢
[04:35.72]与过去事实相反
[04:37.22]要使用过去完成时
[04:39.29]Had been if he had been here OK
[04:45.83002]好
[04:46.01]我们看第四点与将来状况相反的虚拟语气啊
[04:51.14]if 从句呢
[04:52.07]应使用助动词should 翻译成万一啊
[04:56.27]翻译成万一主句的助动词则使用现在时或过去时
[05:02.54]我们再说一次与将来像屎状况相反的虚拟语气
[05:07.22]if 从句使用should 翻译成万一
[05:10.55]主句的助动词则使用现在时或过去时
[05:14.42]比如我们看万一他在这儿的话
[05:17.51]我会去看它
[05:18.65]与将来的状况相反
[05:21.41]所以呢
[05:21.83]表示他将来不会来If he should be here I would see him
[05:29.27]好
[05:29.84]那另外一个呢
[05:30.56]也可以I will see him 差别在哪呢
[05:33.71]用word 的话表示几率比较低
[05:36.59]Well 的话是几率比较高
[05:38.57]OK 还是有它的差别的哦
[05:40.91]好
[05:41.12]我们接下来看第五点
[05:42.2]与真理相反的虚拟语气if 从句使用word to okay were
[05:48.62]主句的助动词使用过去时啊
[05:51.71]Good OK 或者是should 这几个
[05:55.04]比如我们说太阳如果从西方升起
[05:57.95]这是与真理相反的虚拟器
[06:00.47]所以呢
[06:01.16]必须使用word if the sun were to rise in de test I would marry you
[06:09.08]太阳要是从西方升起
[06:11.24]我就嫁给你好
[06:13.22]所以与真理相反的
[06:14.57]用word if the sun were to rise in Du west I would marry you marry 这个词蛮重要的
[06:23.57]表示娶或者是嫁及物动词marry OK
[06:27.8]好
[06:27.89]我们在这
[06:28.35]先休息一下